Lexikon - Warmth conductivity ( W/(mK))
It is a measure for the insulation of a material. The smaller the conductivity, the better the insulation and lower its U-value. Insulation materials are categorized according to conductivity groups (WLG). Wood and insulation material are little conductive, metals or concrete have high rates of heat conduction.
- Warmth pump techniques
It takes advantage of the solar energy stored in the air, ground or ground water. With the help of a transport material this warmth is given to a floor heating or ventilation plant via warmth changers the function of such plants is similar to the one of a refrigerator. But in this case the earth gives energy to warmth pumps for heat energy utilization. An important point is that the pump takes about ¾ of the heat energy out of the environment and only ¼ as operation energy as electric current. This means that with the use of 1KWh of electrical energy for the compressor of the plant, about 4 KWh can be used for warmth energy. Warmth pumps are distinguished by sources of warmth:
a) Air-water-warmth pumps: the energy from the outside air or waste air is used,
b) Water-water-warmth pumps: the energy of ground water or water sources,
c) Sole-water-warmth pumps: earth collectors or earth probes reach down as far as 300 meters or in 1 meter depth in wider area. Such plants are not inexhaustible, it is important to reduce losses from transmission and ventilation and to reduce the energy demand of a building.- Warmth recovery
It refers to the continuing use of the energy bound in the waste air of ventilation plants. This is done with the help of crossed heat changers or warmth pumps.
- Warmth protection calculation
It is done according to the standards set by the "EnEV" for buildings in construction or renovation. It gives information about the expected energy demand and serves for the measuring of warmth supplying plants and the projection of outside components. On this basis the energy /warmth demand ID is issued.
- Warmth loss
It takes great influence on the energy demand of buildings in Central and Northern Europe. The insulation features of the building shell comes first in optimizing the warmth demand This transmission loss is defined by the temperature difference between inside and outside and by the U-value of the component Another factor is ventilation loss, which can differ due to utilization behavior and kind of ventilation. Construction with loss minimization should therefore be more important than money orientated construction.
