Lexikon - WSchVO 1995
It is the abbreviation for the warmth protection law of 1995 and is therewith the third step of the ordinance existing since 1978. This sets rules for warmth protection of buildings. The WSchVO 1995 was replaced in 2001 by the "EnEV". A house build with the standards of the WSchVO requires in the average 50 to 120 KWh heat warmth per m² utility area and year (KWh/(m²a)) -considering climate data and utilization behavior. This means an oil demand of 7 to 17 liters per m² utility area and year.
- Warmth bridges
They are part of the surface on which much warmth gets lost. There are geometrical, material reliant and convective ones:
a) Geometric: they emerge if the cold outer surface of a component is bigger than the area facing the inside (e.g. an outside corner).
b) Material reliant: they are areas on which materials with different heat conduction meet, with this warmth currents lead to cooling the inside, and
c) Convective: they are cracks trough which winds lead to ventilation warmth loss or dew in components and humidity. Besides loss of energy. There is danger in cooling of inner surfaces of components and therewith breakout of condensation fluid. The inner surface temperature of outside components may not decrease below 12.6 Celsius degree.
- Warmth profits
They are listed in a warmth calculation for the reduction of the heat energy demand. Warmth profits are internal warmth of persons, of devices, of lights, etc., and solar warmth.
- Warmth conductivity ( W/(mK))
It is a measure for the insulation of a material. The smaller the conductivity, the better the insulation and lower its U-value. Insulation materials are categorized according to conductivity groups (WLG). Wood and insulation material are little conductive, metals or concrete have high rates of heat conduction.
- Warmth pump techniques
It takes advantage of the solar energy stored in the air, ground or ground water. With the help of a transport material this warmth is given to a floor heating or ventilation plant via warmth changers the function of such plants is similar to the one of a refrigerator. But in this case the earth gives energy to warmth pumps for heat energy utilization. An important point is that the pump takes about ¾ of the heat energy out of the environment and only ¼ as operation energy as electric current. This means that with the use of 1KWh of electrical energy for the compressor of the plant, about 4 KWh can be used for warmth energy. Warmth pumps are distinguished by sources of warmth:
a) Air-water-warmth pumps: the energy from the outside air or waste air is used,
b) Water-water-warmth pumps: the energy of ground water or water sources,
c) Sole-water-warmth pumps: earth collectors or earth probes reach down as far as 300 meters or in 1 meter depth in wider area. Such plants are not inexhaustible, it is important to reduce losses from transmission and ventilation and to reduce the energy demand of a building.
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